In second/foreign language learning, motivation, anxiety, and attitude play a role.Dörnyei (2001)pointed out that the classroomis such a complex place that a single motivational principle cannot explain what happens within because motivation is a complex, composite entity with distinct and state-like context-specific components. Additionally, anxiety and attitude are complex constructs, and despite the differences in research methods used and the conceptualization of various motivational configurations, the general view among these studies is to treat motivation, anxiety, and attitude as dependent constructs characterized by multiple guiding variables Current approaches have also called for integration between these constructs and language learning situations in the FL classroom.

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